{"id":7025,"date":"2018-02-18T11:08:13","date_gmt":"2018-02-18T10:08:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/?p=7025"},"modified":"2024-04-09T13:00:41","modified_gmt":"2024-04-09T11:00:41","slug":"co-je-pro-spanely-spanelska-vesnice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/blog\/co-je-pro-spanely-spanelska-vesnice\/","title":{"rendered":"Co je pro \u0160pan\u011bly \u201e\u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e1 vesnice\u201c?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5 class=\"blog-article__perex\">P\u0159eklady idiom\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed mezi \u010dast\u00e9 p\u0159ekladatelsk\u00e9 o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ky. Nelze je p\u0159ekl\u00e1dat doslovn\u011b, naopak je v\u017edy pot\u0159eba naj\u00edt v\u00a0dan\u00e9m jazyce odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed ekvivalent.<\/h5>\n<div>\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e1 ust\u00e1len\u00e1 slovn\u00ed spojen\u00ed obsahuj\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed n\u00e1rod\u016f: nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0\u010de\u0161tin\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me o\u00a0n\u011b\u010dem nezn\u00e1m\u00e9m nebo nesrozumiteln\u00e9m, \u017ee je to pro n\u00e1s \u201e\u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e1 vesnice\u201c.\u00a0Pro N\u011bmce maj\u00ed<strong>\u00a0kupodivu stejn\u00fd v\u00fdznam \u201e\u010desk\u00e9 vesnice\u201c<\/strong>\u00a0(b\u00f6hmische D\u00f6rfer). Toto spojen\u00ed se v\u00a0N\u011bmecku za\u010dalo pou\u017e\u00edvat v\u00a017.&nbsp;stolet\u00ed. Nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jasn\u00e9 pro\u010d \u2013 mo\u017en\u00e1 pro n\u011b byly nepochopiteln\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy \u010desk\u00fdch vesnic, nebo se o&nbsp;to zaslou\u017eila t\u0159icetilet\u00e1 v\u00e1lka, b\u011bhem kter\u00e9 mnoho \u010desk\u00fdch vesnic beze stopy zmizelo, a\u00a0toto spojen\u00ed se tak stalo synonymem n\u011b\u010deho neexistuj\u00edc\u00edho, nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho. Je\u0161t\u011b o\u00a0trochu d\u0159\u00edve se v\u00a0N\u011bmecku za\u010dalo \u0159\u00edkat o\u00a0n\u011b\u010dem, co je ciz\u00ed, nepochopiteln\u00e9 a\u00a0sm\u011b\u0161n\u00e9, \u017ee je to \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9. Podle Slovn\u00edku \u010desk\u00e9 frazeologie a&nbsp;idiomatiky souvis\u00ed spojen\u00ed se \u0160pan\u011blskem s\u00a0dobov\u00fdm odporem ke \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fdm mrav\u016fm a\u00a0zvyk\u016fm, kter\u00e9 na n\u011bmeck\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u011bl Karel V., p\u016fvodem \u0160pan\u011bl. Johann Wolfgang\u00a0<strong>Goethe<\/strong>, kter\u00fd \u010cechy \u010dasto nav\u0161t\u011bvoval a&nbsp;\u010desk\u00e9 vesnice tak pro n\u011bj nic z\u00e1hadn\u00e9ho nep\u0159edstavovaly, pozd\u011bji \u00faslov\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 vesnice (jako ozna\u010den\u00ed pro n\u011bco nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho) a\u00a0slovo \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fd (ve v\u00fdznamu nepochopiteln\u00fd) zk\u0159\u00ed\u017eil.\u00a0<strong>B\u00e1sn\u00edkovo spojen\u00ed<\/strong>\u00a0\u201e\u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e1 vesnice\u201c se ujalo, a&nbsp;to hlavn\u011b v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch; v\u00a0N\u011bmecku se dosud pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u201eb\u00f6hmische D\u00f6rfer\u201c.\u00a0(Michal Novotn\u00fd pro\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/region.rozhlas.cz\/spanelska-vesnice-7290407\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u010cesk\u00fd rozhlas<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>Slovo \u201e\u010desk\u00fd\u201c v\u00a0podobn\u00e9m v\u00fdznamu zdom\u00e1cn\u011blo i\u00a0v\u00a0pol\u0161tin\u011b, i\u00a0kdy\u017e za \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b ve spojen\u00ed \u201e\u010desk\u00fd film\u201c. Po&nbsp;druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce se toti\u017e v\u00a0polsk\u00fdch kinech prom\u00edtala\u00a0<strong>\u010desk\u00e1 komedie\u00a0<em>Nikdo nic nev\u00ed<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0a tento film se stal tak \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm a&nbsp;obl\u00edben\u00fdm, \u017ee kr\u00e1tce nato v\u011bta \u201enikdo nic nev\u00ed neboli \u010desk\u00fd film\u201c (czeski film \u2013 nikt nic nie wie) zlidov\u011bla a&nbsp;stala se sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed polsk\u00e9ho slovn\u00edku. (Zbigniew Czendlik pro\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/orlicky.denik.cz\/zpravy_region\/zbigniewovy-ne-smysly-20140530.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Orlick\u00fd den\u00edk<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>Angli\u010dan\u00e9 pro zm\u011bnu o&nbsp;n\u011b\u010dem nezn\u00e1m\u00e9m a&nbsp;nesrozumiteln\u00e9m \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0<strong>je to pro n\u011b \u0159e\u010dtina<\/strong>\u00a0(it\u2019s [all] Greek to me). To m\u00e1 nejsp\u00ed\u0161 p\u016fvod ve st\u0159edov\u011bku. Tehdy se mezi mnichy, kte\u0159\u00ed opisovali latinsk\u00e9 texty a&nbsp;ob\u010das mezi nimi narazili na n\u011bjak\u00fd \u0159eck\u00fd, pou\u017e\u00edvala latinsk\u00e1 fr\u00e1ze \u201eGraecum est, non legitur = Je to \u0159ecky, proto to nemohu p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst\u201c. Do angli\u010dtiny ji pak pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zavedl William Shakespeare, kdy\u017e ji pou\u017eil ve sv\u00e9 h\u0159e Julius Caesar.<br \/>\n\u0158ekov\u00e9 by zase \u0159ekli, \u017ee je to pro n\u011b \u010d\u00edn\u0161tina. A&nbsp;stejn\u011b tak to vid\u00ed i\u00a0\u0160pan\u011bl\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00edce ekvivalent\u016f na\u0161\u00ed \u201e\u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 vesnice\u201c najdete\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/language\/idioms\/incomprehensible.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em>Mgr. Petra Sendlerov\u00e1,\u00a0metodi\u010dka pro <a href=\"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/preklady\/\">p\u0159eklady<\/a> a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/tlumoceni\/\">tlumo\u010den\u00ed<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u0159eklady idiom\u016f a&nbsp;jejich z\u00e1ludnosti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":64163,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7025"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7025\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60083,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7025\/revisions\/60083"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}