{"id":75542,"date":"2025-04-20T09:35:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-20T07:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/?p=75542"},"modified":"2025-04-23T13:12:42","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T11:12:42","slug":"zakladni-francouzske-fraze","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/blog\/zakladni-francouzske-fraze\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Za\u010dn\u011bte s&nbsp;francouz\u0161tinou jednodu\u0161e a&nbsp;s&nbsp;jistotou<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bonjour! Francouz\u0161tina je jazyk elegance, kultury a&nbsp;sv\u011btov\u00e9 presti\u017ee \u2013 a&nbsp;dobr\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va je, \u017ee za\u010d\u00edt s&nbsp;n\u00ed zvl\u00e1dne opravdu ka\u017ed\u00fd.<br \/>\nPokud se pr\u00e1v\u011b rozhodujete ud\u011blat prvn\u00ed krok, jste na spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b. V&nbsp;tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku najdete praktick\u00e9 a&nbsp;\u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m pomohou zvl\u00e1dnout z\u00e1kladn\u00ed konverzace a&nbsp;vytvo\u0159it pevn\u00fd z\u00e1klad pro dal\u0161\u00ed u\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Objevte jazyk, kter\u00fdm se mluv\u00ed na p\u011bti kontinentech \u2013 s&nbsp;lehkost\u00ed a&nbsp;chut\u00ed!<\/p>\n<h3>Pro\u010d se u\u010dit francouzsky?<\/h3>\n<p>Francouz\u0161tina je v\u00edc ne\u017e jen kr\u00e1sn\u00fd jazyk \u2013 je to jazyk glob\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace, kultury i\u00a0presti\u017ee.<br \/>\n\u0158ad\u00ed se mezi nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jazyky sv\u011bta a&nbsp;otev\u00edr\u00e1 dve\u0159e do mnoha oblast\u00ed osobn\u00edho i\u00a0profesn\u00edho \u017eivota.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Je ofici\u00e1ln\u00edm jazykem v&nbsp;29 zem\u00edch na p\u011bti kontinentech.<\/li>\n<li>Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi hlavn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed jazyky Evropsk\u00e9 unie, OSN i&nbsp;UNESCO.<\/li>\n<li>Je jazykem diplomacie, m\u00f3dy, gastronomie a&nbsp;um\u011bn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edstup k&nbsp;bohat\u00e9 literatu\u0159e, film\u016fm i&nbsp;filozofick\u00e9mu d\u011bdictv\u00ed Francie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>U\u010dit se francouzsky znamen\u00e1 p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit se jedn\u00e9 z&nbsp;nejvlivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch kultur \u2013 a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it vlastn\u00ed obzory.<\/p>\n<h3>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 pozdravy<\/h3>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00e1 konverzace za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 pozdravem \u2013 a&nbsp;ve francouz\u0161tin\u011b to plat\u00ed dvojn\u00e1sob. Spr\u00e1vn\u00fd pozdrav je z\u00e1kladem zdvo\u0159il\u00e9 a&nbsp;p\u0159irozen\u00e9 komunikace. Zde jsou ty nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Bonjour<\/strong> \u2013 Dobr\u00fd den (pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se a\u017e do odpoledne)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bonsoir<\/strong> \u2013 Dobr\u00fd ve\u010der (pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se od pozdn\u00edho odpoledne)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Au revoir<\/strong> \u2013 Na shledanou<\/li>\n<li><strong>Salut<\/strong> \u2013 Ahoj (neform\u00e1ln\u00ed, pro p\u0159\u00e1tele nebo zn\u00e1m\u00e9)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>Tip:<\/strong> Ve Francii je zdvo\u0159ilost velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1. Nepozdravit nap\u0159\u00edklad prodava\u010de nebo \u010d\u00ed\u0161n\u00edka slovem <em>Bonjour<\/em> m\u016f\u017ee p\u016fsobit neuctiv\u011b \u2013 p\u0159itom pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u00edmto slovem si \u010dasto otev\u0159ete dve\u0159e k&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 konverzaci.<\/p>\n<h3>P\u0159edstavov\u00e1n\u00ed se<\/h3>\n<p>Um\u011bt se p\u0159edstavit a&nbsp;zeptat se na jm\u00e9no nebo stav je z\u00e1klad ka\u017ed\u00e9ho rozhovoru. Francouz\u0161tina nab\u00edz\u00ed n\u011bkolik zdvo\u0159il\u00fdch i&nbsp;neform\u00e1ln\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak nav\u00e1zat prvn\u00ed kontakt:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Je m&#8217;appelle&#8230;<\/strong> \u2013 Jmenuji se&#8230;<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Comment allez-vous ?<\/strong> \u2013 Jak se m\u00e1te? <em>(form\u00e1ln\u00ed)<\/em><br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>\u00c7a va ?<\/strong> \u2013 Jak se m\u00e1\u0161? <em>(neform\u00e1ln\u00ed)<\/em><br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Enchant\u00e9(e).<\/strong> \u2013 T\u011b\u0161\u00ed m\u011b. <em>(mu\u017ei \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed \u201eEnchant\u00e9\u201c, \u017eeny p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed koncov\u00e9 \u201e-e\u201c \u2013 Enchant\u00e9e)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>Tip:<\/strong> P\u0159i&nbsp;osobn\u00edm setk\u00e1n\u00ed se b\u011b\u017en\u011b pod\u00e1v\u00e1 ruka a&nbsp;v\u00fdrazu <em>Enchant\u00e9(e)<\/em> \u010dasto p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b <em>Bonjour<\/em> nebo <em>Salut<\/em> podle m\u00edry form\u00e1lnosti.<\/p>\n<h3>Zdvo\u0159ilostn\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze<\/h3>\n<p>Francouzi si potrp\u00ed na slu\u0161nost a&nbsp;zdvo\u0159il\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 a\u0165 u\u017e v&nbsp;obchod\u011b, restauraci, nebo na ulici. Tyto z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdrazy v\u00e1m pomohou komunikovat s&nbsp;respektem a\u00a0\u00fasm\u011bvem:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>S&#8217;il vous pla\u00eet<\/strong> \u2013 Pros\u00edm <em>(form\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo p\u0159i&nbsp;\u017e\u00e1dosti)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Merci<\/strong> \u2013 D\u011bkuji<\/li>\n<li><strong>De rien<\/strong> \u2013 Nen\u00ed za\u010d <em>(doslova: za nic)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Pardon<\/strong> \u2013 Promi\u0148te <em>(nap\u0159.&nbsp;kdy\u017e chcete proj\u00edt nebo n\u011bkoho omylem str\u010d\u00edte)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Excusez-moi<\/strong> \u2013 Omlouv\u00e1m se \/ Promi\u0148te <em>(vhodn\u00e9 i&nbsp;p\u0159i&nbsp;oslovov\u00e1n\u00ed nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 osoby)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>Tip:<\/strong> Pokud chcete b\u00fdt je\u0161t\u011b zdvo\u0159ilej\u0161\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eete k&nbsp;\u201emerci\u201c p\u0159idat <em>beaucoup<\/em> \u2013 tedy <em>merci beaucoup<\/em> \u2013 moc d\u011bkuji.<\/p>\n<h3>Praktick\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze pro cestov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"columns columns-2\" data-columns=\"2\">\n<div class=\"column column-1\">\n<p>A\u0165 u\u017e se vyd\u00e1v\u00e1te do Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, Provence, nebo na francouzskou rivi\u00e9ru, tyto fr\u00e1ze v\u00e1m usnadn\u00ed orientaci i&nbsp;ka\u017edodenn\u00ed situace na cest\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Parlez-vous anglais ?<\/strong> \u2013 Mluv\u00edte anglicky?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Je ne comprends pas.<\/strong> \u2013 Nerozum\u00edm.<\/li>\n<li><strong>O\u00f9 est&#8230; ?<\/strong> \u2013 Kde je\u2026? <em>(nap\u0159.&nbsp;O\u00f9 est la gare ? \u2013 Kde je n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed?)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u2019addition, s\u2019il vous pla\u00eet.<\/strong> \u2013 \u00da\u010det, pros\u00edm.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Combien \u00e7a co\u00fbte ?<\/strong> \u2013 Kolik to stoj\u00ed?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Je voudrais\u2026<\/strong> \u2013 Cht\u011bl(a) bych\u2026 <em>[nap\u0159. Je voudrais un caf\u00e9 \u2013 Cht\u011bl(a) bych k\u00e1vu]<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"column column-2\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-75554\" src=\"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/zakladni-francouzske-fraze.jpg\" alt=\"z\u00e1kladn\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze pro cestov\u00e1n\u00ed\" width=\"400\" height=\"266\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>Tip:<\/strong> Pokud si nejste jisti v\u00fdslovnost\u00ed, mluvte pomalu a&nbsp;s&nbsp;\u00fasm\u011bvem \u2013 v\u011bt\u0161ina Francouz\u016f ocen\u00ed snahu, i&nbsp;kdy\u017e va\u0161e francouz\u0161tina nen\u00ed dokonal\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Minislovn\u00ed\u010dek v\u00fdslovnosti \u2013 \u010d\u00edm mate francouz\u0161tina za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky?<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Zvuk<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edklad<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Jak vyslovit?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u201eR\u201c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>Paris<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Hrdeln\u00ed vibrace, ne \u010desk\u00e9 \u201er\u201c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u201eU\u201c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>tu<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Zaokrouhlen\u00e9, vyslovuje se se sev\u0159en\u00fdmi rty<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u201eEN\/AN\u201c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>enfant<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Nosovka, zvuk vych\u00e1z\u00ed z&nbsp;nosu<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>\u201eOU\u201c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><em>bonjour<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Vyslovuje se jako dlouh\u00e9 \u201e\u00fa\u201c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Fale\u0161n\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9 \u2013 na co si d\u00e1t pozor<\/h3>\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e1 francouzsk\u00e1 slova zn\u00ed jako \u010desk\u00e1 nebo anglick\u00e1 \u2013 ale znamenaj\u00ed n\u011bco \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9ho:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Actuellement<\/em> \u2013 ne \u201eaktu\u00e1ln\u011b\u201c, ale <strong>\u201ev sou\u010dasnosti\u201c<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><em>Coll\u00e8ge<\/em> \u2013 ne \u201evysok\u00e1 \u0161kola\u201c, ale <strong>\u201eni\u017e\u0161\u00ed st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kola\u201c<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><em>Librairie<\/em> \u2013 ne \u201eknihovna\u201c, ale <strong>\u201eknihkupectv\u00ed\u201c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Jak procvi\u010dovat francouz\u0161tinu v&nbsp;ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b<\/h3>\n<p>U\u010den\u00ed jazyk\u016f nen\u00ed sprint, ale maraton \u2013 a&nbsp;pravideln\u00e9 procvi\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed je tou nejlep\u0161\u00ed cestou k&nbsp;pokroku. I&nbsp;p\u00e1r minut denn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159in\u00e9st skv\u011bl\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. Zde je n\u011bkolik tip\u016f, jak si francouz\u0161tinu p\u0159irozen\u011b za\u0159adit do sv\u00e9ho dne:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>poslouchejte francouzsk\u00e1 m\u00e9dia,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>pou\u017e\u00edvejte aplikace na u\u010den\u00ed jazyk\u016f,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>sledujte francouzsk\u00e9 filmy a&nbsp;seri\u00e1ly s\u00a0titulky,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>najd\u011bte si konverza\u010dn\u00edho partnera.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>Tip:<\/strong> Stanovte si mal\u00fd c\u00edl \u2013 t\u0159eba nau\u010dit se 5 nov\u00fdch slov\u00ed\u010dek denn\u011b nebo v\u00e9st jednoduch\u00fd rozhovor jednou t\u00fddn\u011b. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto mal\u00e9 kr\u016f\u010dky vedou k&nbsp;velk\u00fdm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>Chcete\u2011li svou francouz\u0161tinu posunout je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1l, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1m pomoci kvalitn\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/jazykova-skola\/individualni-vyuka-jazyku\/francouzstina\/\" data-start=\"301\" data-end=\"376\">kurz francouz\u0161tiny<\/a>, kde se nau\u010d\u00edte jazyk systematicky a&nbsp;s&nbsp;podporou lektora.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u011bd\u011bli jste, \u017ee&#8230;?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Slovo \u201eemail\u201c poch\u00e1z\u00ed z&nbsp;francouzsk\u00e9ho \u201e\u00e9mail\u201c (smalt).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Mnoho anglick\u00fdch slov m\u00e1 francouzsk\u00fd p\u016fvod \u2013 nap\u0159.&nbsp;\u201erestaurant\u201c, \u201eballet\u201c, \u201erendezvous\u201c.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>V Qu\u00e9becu se mluv\u00ed odli\u0161nou verz\u00ed francouz\u0161tiny \u2013 m\u00e1 jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edzvuk i\u00a0slovn\u00ed z\u00e1sobu.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Francouz\u0161tina mo\u017en\u00e1 zn\u00ed slo\u017eit\u011b, ale kdy\u017e za\u010dnete s&nbsp;jednoduch\u00fdmi a&nbsp;praktick\u00fdmi fr\u00e1zemi, brzy zjist\u00edte, \u017ee je to jazyk pln\u00fd logiky, kr\u00e1sy a&nbsp;\u0161armu.<\/p>\n<p>Tyto z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdrazy v\u00e1m pomohou p\u0159ekonat prvn\u00ed ostych a&nbsp;otev\u0159\u00edt dve\u0159e k&nbsp;nov\u00fdm z\u00e1\u017eitk\u016fm \u2013 a\u0165 u\u017e p\u0159i&nbsp;cestov\u00e1n\u00ed, studiu, nebo v&nbsp;ka\u017edodenn\u00ed komunikaci.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nebojte se mluvit, d\u011blat chyby a&nbsp;zkou\u0161et nov\u00e9 v\u011bci. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u201eBonjour\u201c je krokem vp\u0159ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Bonne chance et amusez-vous bien !<\/strong><br \/>\n(Hodn\u011b \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a&nbsp;hlavn\u011b si to u\u017eijte!)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Za\u010dn\u011bte s&nbsp;francouz\u0161tinou jednodu\u0161e a&nbsp;s&nbsp;jistotou Bonjour! Francouz\u0161tina je jazyk elegance, kultury a&nbsp;sv\u011btov\u00e9 presti\u017ee \u2013 a&nbsp;dobr\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va je, \u017ee za\u010d\u00edt s&nbsp;n\u00ed zvl\u00e1dne opravdu ka\u017ed\u00fd. Pokud se pr\u00e1v\u011b rozhodujete ud\u011blat prvn\u00ed krok, jste na spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b. V&nbsp;tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku najdete praktick\u00e9 a&nbsp;\u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m pomohou zvl\u00e1dnout z\u00e1kladn\u00ed konverzace a&nbsp;vytvo\u0159it pevn\u00fd z\u00e1klad pro dal\u0161\u00ed u\u010den\u00ed. Objevte jazyk, kter\u00fdm [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":75547,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-75542","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75542","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75542"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75542\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":75674,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75542\/revisions\/75674"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/75547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75542"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75542"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75542"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}