{"id":81511,"date":"2026-05-25T16:20:51","date_gmt":"2026-05-25T14:20:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/?p=81511"},"modified":"2026-05-25T16:28:07","modified_gmt":"2026-05-25T14:28:07","slug":"velka-pismena-v-anglictine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/blog\/velka-pismena-v-anglictine\/","title":{"rendered":"Velk\u00e1 p\u00edsmena v angli\u010dtin\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
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Kdy ps\u00e1t capital letters<\/em> a kdy ne?<\/h2>\n

Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00fdch p\u00edsmen v angli\u010dtin\u011b<\/strong> se na prvn\u00ed pohled m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t b\u00fdt jednoduch\u00e9, ale sta\u010d\u00ed p\u00e1r chyb a text p\u016fsob\u00ed chaoticky, nebo dokonce neprofesion\u00e1ln\u011b. Nav\u00edc to, co v\u00a0\u010de\u0161tin\u011b nap\u00ed\u0161eme s mal\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem, se v angli\u010dtin\u011b \u010dasto p\u00ed\u0161e s velk\u00fdm \u2013 a\u00a0naopak.<\/p>\n

Dobr\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va? Nejde o nic slo\u017eit\u00e9ho, kdy\u017e v\u00edte, na co si d\u00e1t pozor<\/strong>. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku si p\u0159ehledn\u011b uk\u00e1\u017eeme, kdy se v angli\u010dtin\u011b p\u00ed\u0161ou velk\u00e1 p\u00edsmena a jak\u00e9 jsou nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chyby. P\u0159id\u00e1me i p\u00e1r praktick\u00fdch tip\u016f a cvi\u010den\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

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Kdy ps\u00e1t v angli\u010dtin\u011b velk\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno: Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159ehled<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Na prvn\u00ed pohled to vypad\u00e1 prost\u011b: velk\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno d\u00e1me na za\u010d\u00e1tek v\u011bty a u jmen. Ale v angli\u010dtin\u011b se toho s capital letters<\/em> d\u011bje mnohem v\u00edc \u2013 a n\u011bkter\u00e1 pravidla p\u0159ekvap\u00ed i\u00a0pokro\u010dil\u00e9 studenty.<\/p>\n

Tady je stru\u010dn\u00fd, ale jasn\u00fd p\u0159ehled toho, kdy v angli\u010dtin\u011b automaticky s\u00e1hnout po velk\u00e9m p\u00edsmenu<\/strong>:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>

\n\n
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Na za\u010d\u00e1tku ka\u017ed\u00e9 v\u011bty<\/h2>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Tohle je z\u00e1klad, kter\u00fd plat\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u011b.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\t

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U n\u00e1zv\u016f instituc\u00ed a organizac\u00ed<\/h2>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Nap\u0159\u00edklad United Nations<\/em>, Harvard University<\/em> nebo European Commission<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\t

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U n\u00e1rodnost\u00ed, jazyk\u016f a n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed <\/h2>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Spanish<\/em>, German<\/em>, Hinduism<\/em>. Na rozd\u00edl od \u010de\u0161tiny<\/strong> se tu p\u00ed\u0161e velk\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno<\/strong> i u ozna\u010den\u00ed jazyk\u016f!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\t

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U vlastn\u00edch jmen <\/h2>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Jm\u00e9na lid\u00ed (Emma<\/em>, James<\/em>), zem\u00ed (France<\/em>), m\u011bst (New York<\/em>), zna\u010dek (Apple<\/em>) a dal\u0161\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e1 pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

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\ud83d\udcdd P\u0159\u00edklady spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong>:<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • Monday<\/em><\/strong> is my favourite day.<\/em><\/li>\n
  • She works at Harvard University<\/strong>.<\/em><\/li>\n
  • They are learning Spanish<\/strong>.<\/em><\/li>\n
  • I met Dr Smith<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n
  • We celebrate Christmas<\/strong> every year.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>
    \n
    \n\t\t\"Velk\u00e1\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
    \n\n
    \n\n\n\t\n\t
    \n\n\t\t\t
    \n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t
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    U dn\u016f v t\u00fddnu, m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f a ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch sv\u00e1tk\u016f<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\n\t\t
    \n\t\t Monday, April, Christmas. Tady si dejte velk\u00fd pozor, proto\u017ee v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b jsme zvykl\u00ed ps\u00e1t je v\u011bt\u0161inou s mal\u00fdm.\t\t <\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t
    \n\n\t\t\t
    \n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t
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    U titul\u016f a pozic<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\n\t\t
    \n\t\t Tady ale pozor, plat\u00ed to pouze v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech: pokud jde o ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed titul p\u0159ed jm\u00e9nem (President Kennedy, Dr Smith), pat\u0159\u00ed velk\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno. Ale u obecn\u00e9ho ozna\u010den\u00ed typu doctor, manager nebo professor u\u017e nikoli.\t\t <\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t
    \n\n\t\t\t
    \n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    U z\u00e1jmena I <\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\n\t\t
    \n\t\t Naopak tady nen\u00ed co \u0159e\u0161it a nad \u010d\u00edm p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let. Osobn\u00ed z\u00e1jmeno I (j\u00e1) se v angli\u010dtin\u011b p\u00ed\u0161e v\u017edy velk\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem, a\u0165 je kdekoliv ve v\u011bt\u011b.\t\t <\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
    \n
    \n\t

    V\u00fdjimky: pozor na \u010dast\u00e9 chyt\u00e1ky<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Psan\u00ed velk\u00fdch p\u00edsmen v angli\u010dtin\u011b m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 v\u00fdjimky, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt pro \u010desk\u00e9 mluv\u010d\u00ed trochu z\u00e1ludn\u00e9. Tady jsou t\u0159i nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

    \n\n
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    Ro\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/header>\n\n\t\t\t\t

    P\u0159esto\u017ee dny a m\u011bs\u00edce p\u00ed\u0161eme s velk\u00fdm, n\u00e1zvy ro\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00ed (spring<\/em>, summer<\/em>, autumn<\/em>, winter<\/em>) se p\u00ed\u0161ou s mal\u00fdm!
    \nP\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong>
    \n\u27a1\ufe0f I love summer because we go to Italy every year.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/main>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\t<\/article>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t

    \n\t
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    \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    Dny a m\u011bs\u00edce<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/header>\n\n\t\t\t\t

    V angli\u010dtin\u011b p\u00ed\u0161eme Monday<\/em>, April<\/em>, December, \u2026<\/em> prost\u011b v\u017edy s velk\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem, i\u00a0kdy\u017e v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b bychom napsali pond\u011bl\u00ed<\/em> nebo duben <\/em>s mal\u00fdm.
    \nP\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong>
    \n\u27a1\ufe0f Her birthday is in May and it\u2019s always on a Friday.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/main>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\t<\/article>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t

    \n\t
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    Profese<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/header>\n\n\t\t\t\t

    Angli\u010dtina nerozd\u00e1v\u00e1 velk\u00e1 p\u00edsmena profes\u00edm nebo studijn\u00edm obor\u016fm, pokud nejde o\u00a0jejich ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1zev.
    \nP\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong>
    \n\u27a1\ufe0f She\u2019s studying medicine and wants to become a doctor.<\/em>
    \n\u274c Ne: Medicine<\/em> a Doctor<\/em> (pokud nejde o titul).<\/p>\n<\/main>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\t<\/article>\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n\t\n<\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

    \n
    \n\t

    Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chyby: kdy\u017e to v angli\u010dtin\u011b \u00fapln\u011b ne\u0161lape<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    A\u010dkoli pravidla pro psan\u00ed velk\u00fdch p\u00edsmen v angli\u010dtin\u011b nejsou slo\u017eit\u00e1, n\u011bkter\u00e9 chyby se po\u0159\u00e1d opakuj\u00ed \u2013 zpravidla proto, \u017ee m\u00e1me v hlav\u011b \u010deskou gramatiku. Mrkneme se na ty nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed:<\/p>\n

    \ud83e\uddcd<\/strong> Z\u00e1jmeno I<\/em> v\u017edy velk\u00fdm<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Jedna z nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejviditeln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch chyb. Z\u00e1jmeno I<\/em> (j\u00e1) je v angli\u010dtin\u011b v\u017edy ps\u00e1no velk\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem, i kdy\u017e je uprost\u0159ed v\u011bty.
    \n\u274c<\/strong> Chybn\u011b:<\/strong> My friend and i went shopping.<\/em>
    \n\u2705<\/strong> Spr\u00e1vn\u011b:<\/strong> My friend and I went shopping.<\/em><\/p>\n

    \ud83d\udd24<\/strong> V\u0161echna slova v nadpisu s velk\u00fdm? Ne tak rychle!<\/strong><\/p>\n

    V angli\u010dtin\u011b existuj\u00ed dv\u011b hlavn\u00ed varianty toho, jak ps\u00e1t nadpisy \u2013 Title Case<\/em> a\u00a0Sentence case<\/em>. Mnoz\u00ed maj\u00ed tendenci \u201ek\u0159i\u010det kapit\u00e1lkami\u201c, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee p\u016fsobit ru\u0161iv\u011b.
    \nTitle Case:<\/em> Ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 slovo za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 velk\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem (nap\u0159. How to Write a\u00a0Great Article<\/em><\/strong>).
    \nSentence case:<\/em> Jen prvn\u00ed slovo s velk\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem (nap\u0159. How to write a great article<\/em><\/strong>).
    \nZ\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na stylu textu, ale konzistence je kl\u00ed\u010d.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

    \n
    \n\t

    Praktick\u00e9 tipy pro zapamatov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Z\u00e1klady m\u00e1te, ale jak v\u0161echna ta pravidla udr\u017eet v hlav\u011b, kdy\u017e v\u00e1m do toho sk\u00e1\u010de \u010de\u0161tina, automatick\u00e9 opravy textu a v pond\u011bl\u00ed r\u00e1no i k\u00e1va na kl\u00e1vesnici? Zkuste tyto jednoduch\u00e9 pom\u016fcky:<\/p>\n

    \ud83c\udfaf<\/strong> Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed = velk\u00e9, obecn\u00e9 = mal\u00e9<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Pokud p\u00ed\u0161ete jedine\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1zev nebo konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed entitu<\/strong>, pou\u017eijte velk\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno:
    \n\u2714<\/strong> Apple Inc., Prague, Microsoft<\/em><\/strong>
    \nAle kdy\u017e mluv\u00edte obecn\u011b o typu v\u011bci<\/strong>, sta\u010d\u00ed mal\u00e9:
    \n\u2714<\/strong> a computer company, a city, a software<\/em> company<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \ud83d\udca1<\/strong> Zapi\u0161te si v\u00fdjimky, kter\u00e9 se v\u017edy p\u00ed\u0161ou s\u00a0velk\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    U t\u011bchto kategori\u00ed se nikdy nespletete \u2013 velk\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno je jistota:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Z\u00e1jmeno I<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n
    • Dny v t\u00fddnu (Monday, Tuesday, \u2026<\/em>)<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • M\u011bs\u00edce (January, February, \u2026<\/em>)<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • Jazyky (English, Spanish, \u2026<\/em>)<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • N\u00e1rodnosti (Czech, Italian, \u2026<\/em>)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \ud83d\udcf0<\/strong> \u010ct\u011bte kvalitn\u00ed zdroje<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

      Nen\u00ed nad praxi. Sledujte, jak velk\u00e1 p\u00edsmena pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed profesion\u00e1lov\u00e9 \u2013 t\u0159eba ve \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch na BBC<\/strong>, v New York Times<\/strong> nebo v ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch dokumentech. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edc spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f uvid\u00edte, t\u00edm p\u0159irozen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed to pro v\u00e1s bude.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Procvi\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed: pozn\u00e1te chybu?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

      Poj\u010fme si to ov\u011b\u0159it v praxi. Ve v\u011bt\u00e1ch n\u00ed\u017ee se skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed typick\u00e9 chyby v pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00fdch p\u00edsmen. Najdete je v\u0161echny?<\/p>\n

      \u274c<\/strong> Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. We visited paris in april.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n
      2. She studies Biology and chemistry.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n
      3. My friend speaks german and italian.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n
      4. I work for the microsoft corporation.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u2705<\/strong> Spr\u00e1vn\u011b:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. We visited Paris in April.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n
        2. She studies biology and chemistry.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n
        3. My friend speaks German and Italian.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n
        4. I work for Microsoft Corporation.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

           <\/p>\n

          Z\u00e1v\u011br: mal\u00e9 detaily, velk\u00fd rozd\u00edl<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

          Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00fdch p\u00edsmen v angli\u010dtin\u011b mo\u017en\u00e1 na prvn\u00ed pohled vypad\u00e1 jako detail, kter\u00fd se d\u00e1 \u201en\u011bjak odhadnout\u201c. Jen\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto mal\u00e9 nuance rozhoduj\u00ed o tom, jestli v\u00e1\u0161 text bude p\u016fsobit profesion\u00e1ln\u011b, nebo jako odbyt\u00fd p\u0159eklad z \u010de\u0161tiny.<\/p>\n

          A\u0165 u\u017e p\u00ed\u0161ete e-mail, motiva\u010dn\u00ed dopis, nebo p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b \u2013 spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 velk\u00e1 p\u00edsmena pom\u00e1haj\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i rychle pochopit, o \u010dem mluv\u00edte, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u00e1m p\u0159idaj\u00ed body za jazykovou preciznost.<\/p>\n

          \ud83e\udde0 Zapamatujte si kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 pravidla, sledujte kvalitn\u00ed anglick\u00e9 zdroje (nap\u0159. BBC, New York Times) a hlavn\u011b \u2013 nebojte se chyb. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 chyba je krokem k tomu, abyste ji p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b u\u017e neud\u011blali.<\/p>\n

          S trochou praxe budete m\u00edt capital letters<\/em> v mal\u00edku raz dva. \u270d\ufe0f\ud83d\udcac<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Kdy ps\u00e1t capital letters a kdy ne? Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00fdch p\u00edsmen v angli\u010dtin\u011b se na prvn\u00ed pohled m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t b\u00fdt jednoduch\u00e9, ale sta\u010d\u00ed p\u00e1r chyb a text p\u016fsob\u00ed chaoticky, nebo dokonce neprofesion\u00e1ln\u011b. Nav\u00edc to, co v\u00a0\u010de\u0161tin\u011b nap\u00ed\u0161eme s mal\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem, se v angli\u010dtin\u011b \u010dasto p\u00ed\u0161e s velk\u00fdm \u2013 a\u00a0naopak. Dobr\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va? Nejde o nic slo\u017eit\u00e9ho, kdy\u017e v\u00edte, na co si d\u00e1t pozor. V tomto […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":81869,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-81511","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81511","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81511"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81511\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":81927,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81511\/revisions\/81927"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/81869"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81511"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=81511"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skrivanek.cz\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=81511"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}